心靈大道/Boulevard (2014) : I drove down a street one night...

I drove down a street one night. A street I didn't know. It's the way your life goes sometimes. I'll drive down this one and another. And now, another.

有晚我順著一條街向下行駛，一條我沒開過的街，有時候那條街正是你人生會過的方式。我會開過這條街，在開過另一條，而現在，又是另一條。

- 心靈大道/Boulevard (2014)

Anne Holm : Beauty. David has once heard Johannes use the word...

Beauty. David has once heard Johannes use the word. It must have been something like this he meant...

- Anne Holm, I Am David

丹麥共居生活/The Commune (2006) - 用婚外情闡述嬉皮公社的崩壞

湯瑪斯凡提柏格（Thomas Vinterberg）繼知名大作《謊言的烙印》（The Hunt）後新拍丹麥影片《丹麥共居生活》（The Commune），再次從柏林影展受到大量的好評和關注。兩部影片中間雖然還有一部經典文學改編的英語片《遠離塵囂：珍愛相隨》（Far from the Madding），此片也是備受大家的讚賞。可是湯瑪斯凡提柏格向來走寫實風格，好以犀利的方式闡述家庭、社會與人性等多方位的面向。製作完《遠離塵囂：珍愛相隨》後，湯瑪斯凡提柏格以《丹麥共居生活》這部幽默輕快的喜劇重回他最拿手的人性探究、道德省思。

《丹麥共居生活》呈現了二十世紀浩蕩不安的年代，親朋好友和陌生人一同組成的「公社（commune）」生活。這時期在歐洲各國都有反習俗和政治的嬉皮人士（hippie/hippy），而他們的理想宗旨是「愛、和平與個人自由」；公社這種新潮的生活方式也就建立在共同分享、相互關愛、平等自由等概念上。公社也是共產主義的一種表現，用公款來支出大家的生活費，公共設備和場地不能私用，例如：亂放個人物品在廚房就會被拿去燒掉。

電影中女主角安娜為了不讓丈夫因為「住不起」而賣掉寬敞大氣的房子，所以提出公社生活來節省開銷。然而，當丈夫艾瑞克外遇並堅持讓情人住進家裡時，安娜面臨了遵守公社宗旨與處理內心崩壞的兩難和掙扎。安娜不慍不怒的理性是努力維持公社、嘻皮潮流和共產主意的表現；內心痛苦則是公社生活方式潛藏的崩解。

原本和樂融融的公社生活如今變了樣，大家聚在一起只有尷尬和不瑜快，所以公社決定讓大家裁決安娜和艾瑞克的去留。安娜用以想和女兒同住為由請大家留她下來；艾瑞克同樣以女兒為藉口來博大家認可。就在大家爭論不休時，這位被當成「藉口」的女兒說話了。「媽，妳走吧！這裡在摧毀妳，我看得出來。」以女兒為藉口或許是因為父母覺得自己的孩子一定不想離開他們，而產生這種「盾牌/安全牌」的想法。可是女兒法雅不是以這種出發點發表意見，而是站在第三者的角度看清媽媽再也承受不住，為了媽媽好，讓她有更好的生活，離開是唯一的解套。本片諷刺的結局便是追求公社生活的安娜被迫離開自己建立的地方；而不情願住在公社的艾瑞克終究和情人留了下來。

1970年代的公社生活表面上看起來是大家住在一起節省支出，實質是來反應嬉皮人士對越戰的反抗和中層階級的價批評。然而，這類文化運動也在資本主義的盛行下逐漸消失，而安娜的離開正暗喻著公社理想的垮台。艾瑞克的表現則是公這種理想的反面，例如：他覺得他沒有理由離開這棟房子，因為這「本來」就是他的。艾瑞克想要小家庭生活、自己賺多少自己就該用的概念，正是嬉皮所對抗的資本主義。公社生活是湯瑪斯凡提柏格兒時所經歷過的，或許導演體驗了公社殆盡的過程，才決定讓安娜告別這個生活往下一個年代邁進。本片對其他公社成員的故事並沒有多琢磨，對公社的平日生活並沒有深入呈現，可是身為故事主軸的「婚外情」事件隱喻了不少公社生活的型態。

《丹麥共居生活》的步調輕鬆、有趣，剪接也很流暢。比起《謊言的烙印》參差秋暖、熱光的特色，《丹麥共居生活》色調偏藍偏冷而塑造一種與世隔絕、冷靜的感覺。人物塑造依舊如導演的風格充滿客觀性，讓觀眾看著大事發生卻要不想怪到任何角色身上（要不是導演拍攝艾瑞克孤獨無奈和最後為安娜離去而哭的畫面，他大概是目前導演導出「最會被大家責備的角色」）。演員的表現更是飽受肯定。先前《謊言的烙印》不只是入圍第86屆奧斯卡金像獎最佳外語片，更讓丹麥實力派演員麥德米克山（Mads Mikkelsen）拿下2012坎城影展最佳男主角等三項殊榮。湯瑪斯凡提柏格這次這次又以《丹麥共居生活》讓飾演安娜的崔娜蒂虹（Trine Dyrholm）榮獲2016柏林影展銀熊獎最佳女主角。兩部片都在挑戰演員們的細緻度，從最初平常的狀態，演繹到脆弱、受冤、崩潰的境界。崔娜蒂虹的表現讓《丹麥共居生活》畫龍點睛，使本片在影展上得到了好成績。


參考資料
〔1〕開眼電影網：丹麥共居生活
〔2〕Wikiwand：逗馬宣言
〔3〕Mortal Journey：The Hippie Counter Culture Movement (1960’s)

圖片來源
〔1〕BFI - Film Forever：The Commune – first look
〔2〕the guardian：The Commune review – home is where the hurt is

Neil Gaiman: Learning how to be strong, to feel her own emotions...

Learning how to be strong, to feel her own emotions and not another's, had been hard; but once you learned the trick of it, you did not forget.

─ Neil Gaiman, The Sleeper and the Spindle

酷寶：魔弦傳說/Kubo and the Two Strings (2016) : If you must blink, do it now...

If you must blink, do it now. Pay careful attention to everything you see no matter how unusual it may seem. If you look away, even for an instant, then our hero will surely perish.

如果你想眨眼，就趁現在。好好專心看著你眼前的東西，無論那東西看起來有多不尋常。如果你看其他地方，哪怕只是一瞬間，我們的英雄就會滅亡。

- 酷寶：魔弦傳說/Kubo and the Two Strings (2016)

這部動畫根本是日本版的哈利波特。一樣父母被殺(雖然只有一開始的時候)，一樣都和死去的父母講到話，一樣都被魔王做記號(哈利有閃電；酷寶被挖眼睛)，一樣都會使用魔法，一樣要找超厲害魔法道具對抗大壞蛋，一樣都會夢到大魔王在被夢裡的魔王設計，一樣都碰到會變身成長長的怪物的大魔王，魔王一樣是雷夫范恩斯現"聲"，這讓我不斷出現錯覺也不行...可是看完後，滿腦子也都是莎拉賽隆性感、優雅、悅耳且充滿母愛的美聲，原來狩獵者裡的惡皇后也能這麼慈母聲。

吹夢巨人/The BFG (2016) : I hears your lonely heart...

I hears your lonely heart, in all the secret whisperings of the world.

我聽到了妳寂寞的心，就在世上所有秘密的呢喃中。

- 吹夢巨人/The BFG (2016)

震撼擂台/Southpaw (2015) : God must have some kind of plan to teach me some kind of lesson...

God must have some kind of plan to teach me some kind of lesson. I just can't figure out what it is.

老天一定有甚麼計畫要教訓我甚麼，我只是想不透該學到甚麼。

- 震撼擂台/Southpaw (2015)

震撼擂台/Southpaw (2015) : These kids coming up in here I'm telling them a bunch of stuff this bullshit...

These kids coming up in here I'm telling them a bunch of stuff this bullshit. "It's gonna be alright. You can control your destiny. You could control this you could control that". You can't control shit.

那些孩子來我這裡聽我講這麼多廢話。「一切都會沒事。你能掌控你的命運。你能控制這個。你能控制那個。」你甚麼也控制不了。

- 震撼擂台/Southpaw (2015)

人工意識/Ex Machina (2015) : One day the AIs are going to look back on us the same way...

One day the AIs are going to look back on us the same way we look at fossil skeletons on the plains of Africa.

總有一天，人工智慧會回頭看我們就像我們看著化石骸骨躺在非洲平原上。

- 人工意識/Ex Machina (2015)

紅氣球之戀/Enduring Love (2004) : I made it so complicated, and...

I made it so complicated, and... And it doesn't need to be complicated. It's not complicated. It's really... I don't know what to say.

我把愛弄得很複雜...而...而愛不需要想得複雜。愛並不複雜，愛很,,,我也不知道該怎麼措詞。

- 紅氣球之戀/Enduring Love (2004)

紅氣球之戀/Enduring Love (2004) : All these things have meaning but they only have meaning...

All these things have meaning but they only have meaning because we, as human beings, give them meaning.

萬事萬物都有意義，但它們只有意義，因為身為人類的我們給予它們意義。

- 紅氣球之戀/Enduring Love (2004)

派拉諾曼：靈動小子/ParaNorman (2012) : There's nothing wrong with being scared...

There's nothing wrong with being scared Norman, so long as you don't let it change who you are.

諾曼，會害怕沒甚麼大不了，只要你不讓恐懼改變你自己就好。

- 派拉諾曼：靈動小子/ParaNorman (2012)

派拉諾曼：靈動小子/ParaNorman (2012) : You want everyone to hurt just as much as you are...

You want everyone to hurt just as much as you are. So whenever you wake up, you play this mean game, but you don't play fair!

你要大家受傷，就像你傷得這麼重一樣。所以無論你何時甦醒，你都會玩這種惡趣味，但是你玩得並不公平！

- 派拉諾曼：靈動小子/ParaNorman (2012)

派拉諾曼：靈動小子/ParaNorman (2012) : Sometimes people can say things that seem mean..

Sandra Babcock: Sometimes people can say things that seem mean, but it's just because they're afraid.
人有時候會說些話聽起來很傷人，但那只是因為他們害怕。

Norman Babcock: He's my father, he shouldn't be afraid of me.
說我壞話的人是我爸，他不應該怕我。

Sandra Babcock: He's not afraid OF you, he's afraid FOR you.
他不是怕你，而是替你害怕。

- 派拉諾曼：靈動小子/ParaNorman (2012)

飛天巨桃歷險記/James and the Giant Peach (1996) : Remember what your parents said, James...

 Remember what your parents said, James... Try looking at it another way!

詹姆士，記得你父母所說的，試著用另一個角度看事情！

- 飛天巨桃歷險記/James and the Giant Peach (1996)

老片子的解析度比較差，可是在解析度高的電視上看起來好朦朧好夢幻。

丹麥共居生活/The Commune(2016) : The difference between living together and not is that...

Erik: 450 square meters is too big. The difference between living together and not is that you can feel, see and hear each other.
136坪的房子太大了。住不住在一起的差別在你能不能感覺到對方；看到對方和聽到對方。

Anna: Or perhaps living in a small place makes you small-minded.
也許是住在小房子讓你變的心胸狹窄。

- 丹麥共居生活/The Commune/Kollektivet (2016)

Elizabeth Gaskell : I take it that "gentleman" is a term that only describes a person...

I take it that "gentleman" is a term that only describes a person in his relation to others; but when we speak of him as "a man," we consider him not merely with regard to his fellow-men, but in relation to himself, - to life - to time - to eternity.

─ Elizabeth Gaskell, North and South

美人情園/A Little Chaos (2014) : Patience, care, and a little warmth from the sun...

King Louis XIV: What protection can the gardener afford this rose from the harsh elements of change?
園丁能怎麼保護玫瑰免於惡劣的天氣變化

Sabine De Barra: Patience, care, and a little warmth from the sun are our best hope.
耐心、關懷，還有一點陽光的溫暖，這些是我們最好的希望。

- 美人情園/A Little Chaos (2014)

寂寞拍賣師/The Best Offer (2013) : Human emotions are like works of art...

Human emotions are like works of art. They can be forged. They seem just like the original, but they are a forgery.

人類的情緒就像藝術作品。它們可以偽裝起來，看起來就像真跡，可是卻是贗品。

- 寂寞拍賣師/The Best Offer (2013)

寂寞拍賣師/The Best Offer (2013) : There is always something authentic concealed...

There is always something authentic concealed in every forgery.

總有某個真實隱藏在贗品之下。

- 寂寞拍賣師/The Best Offer (2013)

星際爭霸戰3:浩瀚無垠/Star Trek Beyond (2016) : Fear of death is...

Fear of death is what keeps us alive.

懼怕死亡是讓我們活著的動力。

- 星際爭霸戰3:浩瀚無垠/Star Trek Beyond (2016)

天眼行動/Eye in the Sky(2015) : Never tell a soldier that he does not know the cost of war

Never tell a soldier that he does not know the cost of war.

別告訴一位軍人說他不懂戰爭的代價。

- 天眼行動/Eye in the Sky(2015)

通天眼/Midnight Special (2015) : Sometimes we are asked to do things that are beyond us

Sometimes we are asked to do things that are beyond us.

有時我們被要求做出違背我們意志的事。

- 通天眼/Midnight Special (2015) 

通天眼/Midnight Special (2015) : You don't have to worry about me...

Alton Meyer: Dad?
爸？

Roy: Yeah?
嗯？

Alton Meyer: Are you scared?
你害怕嗎？

Roy: Yes.
對。

Alton Meyer: You don't have to worry about me.
你不用擔心我。

Roy: I like worrying about you.
我喜歡擔心你。

Alton Meyer: You don't have to anymore.
你不用再擔心我了。

Roy: I'll always worry about you Alton. That's the deal.
我會一直擔心你，說好了。

- 通天眼/Midnight Special (2015)